Carbureter.



C. FjIoHNSoN.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 4. |915 1,244,858. Patented oct. 30,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

, 'I III V 276 l './l 'Y doznmj c. F. JOHNSON.

CARBURETER. APPLICATION mm ocT', 4, |915.

192449858@ A Patented oet. 30,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

gwoon/to@ CHESTER F. JOHNSON, OF DETROIT, -MIOHIGANZ CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 3o, 1917.

Original application lcd November 5, 1914, Serial No.y 870,348. Divided and this application led October 4, 1915. Serial No. 53,872.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHESTER F. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Detroit, ir the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Carbureter, of wihchthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters, and some of its objects are to provide means whereby a rich mixture may be supplied when starting and when it is desired to ac-l celerate the engine for any purpose, and whereby the richness of the fuel mixture is reduced, when throttling down from high speed, to that corresponding to economical running.

This invention `consists in thek details of construction shown, described and particularly pointed out in the claims, and the present application is a division of my application 'for United States Letters Patent, Serial Number 870,348, filed November 5th, 1914 and resulting in Patent #1,166,595, January 4, 1916.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of my invention, parts being-broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. 2 .is a partscction partelvation on the line 22 of Fig. 3, the body of the carbureter being omitted. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the carbureter shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the throttle` spring being omitted. i

In the embodiment of my inventlon shown, the body 1 has formed therewith an upwardly extending neck 2 4provided with the perforated flanges 3, through which bolts (not shown) may be inserted to attach the carbureter to the engine manifold in the ordinary way. Also formed prefer ably integrally ,with the body is a laterally extending air intake 4 having an air valve 5 arranged to swing vertically on the pivot 6 carried by the lugs 7, said valve being normall held in engagement with the seat 8 by t e spring 9, the tension of which may be regulated by turning the ribbed knob 10 about its axis. The details of this air intake,

the air valve, and the valve controlling means, form no part of the present invention but are disclosed and claimed in my United States Patent Number 1,095,212, of May 5th, 1914.

Clamped to the lower side of the body by means of a series of screws-13 (but one of which is shown), that are received in the threaded lugs 14 on the body, is a float chamber top 15 comprising a fuel inlet 16, a valve-seat 17 `and a valve' 18, the latter of which is controlled by the float 19 that swings vertically about the pivot 20. The central portion of the top 15 is depressed as indicated at `23 and may be threaded to receive the nozzle 24 of the pipe 25, the latter ofy which extends downwardly and is provided with fuel inlet openings 26; andthe upper edge of the top 15 has formed therein one or more'air inlet 'openings 27. Resting upon said upper edge and securely clamped between it and the body is the diaphragm 30, thecentral portion offvhich inclines downwardly and has projecting therethrough the upwardly Haring strangle tube 31 that surrounds the nozzle 24f`and yis perforated at 32 to allow any condensed lfuel to drip into the chamber surrounding the nozzle. The space between the body' andthe strangle tube constitutes the mixing chamber of the carbureter.

The float chamber top is preferably shouldered at 34 to receive the body 35 of the float chamber that may be clamped thereto by the thumb-screw 36, the threaded end 37 of which passesthrough a perforation in the lower sideof the body 35 and engages in the internally threaded lower end 38 of the pipe 25. Formed integrally with the body of the float chamber is a cylinder 40, the lower end of which is connected to the interior of the float chamber by a passage 41 (Fig. 2) of size suilicient to allow free movement of liquid from the cylinder to the oat chamber or vice versa. The loat chamber and thecylinder 40 together constitute' a. fuel reservoir. I.

The cylinder 40 has sliding therein a pilston, the construction of which may vary,`

but which is preferably formed of two pressed metal pieces: (1) the outer barrel 41 and lower end 42, the central portion of which is depressed outwardly at 43; and (2) an inner )barrel 44, the lower end of whlch is depressed inwardly at'45 and the upper end of'which merges into the annular flange 46 that is soldered or otherwise secured to the upper inner edge of the 'barrel 41. Between the depressed ortions of the ends of the inner and outer arrels is a ball 48 to face of the disk 51. It will be seen that ifthe piston rod is given a swinging movement, the disk 52 will merely slide back and forth on the disk 51, thereby preventing the escape of gasolene that may have leaked between the piston and the cylinder.

The disks are prevented from being raised from their proper positions by a cover that comprises the top 54, in which an opening 55 is formed of substantially the same diameter` as the opening in the disk 51, and a flange 56 that ts snugly around the outside ofthe cylinder. This flange is preferably provided with a rib 57 in contact with the upper outer edge of the disk 51, and has also struck injwardly therefrom one or more tongues 58 (Fig. 2) which arel received in the notches 59 that extend circumferentially of the cylinder for a few degrees at intervals near its top. It is obvious that, by merely gturning the cover around the axis of the cylinder, the tongues will be forced out of the notches, after which the cover may be removed. Manifestly, other closures for the upper end of the cylinder than that just described may befused.

The threaded upper end 60 of the pistonrod 49 is received between'the sections Yof the correspondingly threaded, bifurcated end 61 of a connector 62, the ends of the sections being preferably joined by a clamping screw 63. Should it become desirable to change the depth of the stroke of the piston into 4the cylinder,- it is only necessary to loosen the clamping screw to allow the proper movement of the piston-rod in respect to the connector, after which the twoV last mentioned lelements may again be securely clamped together in an obvious manner. The opposite end of the connector is pivoted at 65 to one'arm 66 of a throttle lever that is rigidly secured to the throttle shaft 67 upon which vthe throttle valve 68 is mounted. Besides the arm 66, the throttle lever comprises the non-adjustable' stop 69 and the adjustable stop. 70 (so arranged as to engage opposite sides of an abutment 71 rigid with the neck 2) together with the actuating arm 72 from which an actuating rod 73 extends to a position within convenient reach of the user. The throttle valve may be normally, held in closed position by a tension spring 74 that extends from the arm 72 to any desired point, say pin 75 of the throttle valve controlling mechanism.

From the foregoing description the op-v eration will be apparent :-The same force that holds the throttle valve normally closed holds the piston in elevated position, and

consequently fuel flows freely into the lower end of the cylinder through the passage 41.

The normal fuel level in the float chamber is slightly below the upper end of the nozzle 24, an(l as4 the throttle is opened, either for the purpose of starting or for accelerating the engine, the piston is depressed and the fuel level in the ioat chamber is temporarily raised so as to cause an appreciable added amount to he discharged from the nozzle and perhaps collect in the depression 23 whereby a rich mixture is fedY to the engine. The reverse action is also true to a certain extent for, as the engine is being throttled down from high speed, the piston draws fuel from the float chamber into the cylinder and thus reduces the flow from the nozzle, whereby a desirable lean mixture is produced. In casev a single movement of the throttle valve from closed to open position is insufiicient to produce'the desired quality of mixture for starting, it is only necessary to work the throttle valve back and forth a few times.

While I have shown the throttle valve in the neck of the carbureter, it is obviousv that it may be located elsewhere; for example, in the manifold of the engine. It is also clear that many other changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of my invention. I do not, therefore, wish to be limited otherwise than as indicated by the subjoined. claims.

I claim:

1. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, means for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuel chamber having a fuel admission valve and a float controlling said valve, a member arranged to be projected into the fuel chamber, and means for positively projecting the member into the chamber and for positively withdrawing it from the chamber, whereby the level of the liquid is temporarily raised or lowered in the chamber in which said float is contained as desired to control the richness of the fuel mixture supplied by the carbureter.

2. A carbureter .comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuel chamber having a fuel admission valve and a float controlling ,said valve, a throttle valve, man'- ually operable means for controlling the throttle valve, a member arranged'to be pro-` jected into the fuel chamber, and means'for positively projecting the member into the chamber and for positively withdrawing it from the chamber, whereby the level of the liquid is temporarily raised or lowered in the chamber in which said float is contained as desired to control the richness of the fuel mixture supplied by the carbureter, said last mentioned means providing a non-slipping connection between the member and the throttle-controlling means.

3. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuel chamber having a fuel admission valve and a Iioat` conthe chamber, whereby thevlevel of the liquid is immediately temporarily raised or lowered materially in the chamber in which said float is contained as desired to control the richness of the fuel mixture supplied by the carbureter, said last mentioned means including means forv varying the relation be tween the throttle valve and the member which is projected into the fuel chamber.

4. A carbureter comprising a float chamber, a float for controlling the level of fuel therein, a mixing chamber, passage forming means for conducting fuel from said floatA chamber to said mixing chamber, a throttle valve, and means independent of the passage forming means for temporarily raising the level of fuel in the float chamber as the throttle valve is opened whereby an increased amount of liquid is caused to be temporarily delivered through said passage forming means `to enrich the mixture.

5. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuel chamber, means for normally maintaining the fuel in the passage at a predetermined level, a throttle valve, a manually operable throttle lever for controlling the valve, a memberI arranged to be projected into the fuel chamber,I and adjustable means for connecting the lever to the member whereby a movement of v'the throttle lever in one direction is caused to project the member into the chamber and raise the level of the fuel in the passage, said adjustable means including a rod pivotally connected to the member, and a connector pivotally supported on the throttle lever and in engagement with said rod.

G. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuelchamber, means for normally maintaining the fuel in the passage at a predetermined level, a throttle valve, a manually operable throttle lever for controlling the valve, a member arranged to be projected into the fuel chamber, and adjustable means for connecting the lever to the member whereby a movement of the throttle lever in one direction is caused to project the member into the chamber and raise the level of the fuel in the passage,- said adjustable means including a threaded rod pivotally connected to the member, a connector pivotally connected to the throttle lever and having threads in engagement with the threads on the rod, and means for preventing rotation of the rod in respect to the connector.

7. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a` fuel chamber, means for normally maintaining the fuelv in the passage at a predetermined level, a throttle valve, a manually operable throttle lever for controlling the valve, a member arranged to be projected into the fuel chamber, and adjustable means for connecting the lever to the member-whereby a movement of the throttle lever in one direction is caused to project the member into the chamber and raise the level of the fuel in the passage, said adjustable means including a rod pivotally connected to the member, a bifurcated connector pivotally connected tothe 'throttle lever, said rod passing between the bifurcations of the connector, and means for clamping the connector on the rod.

8. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel passage for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a fuel chamber, means for normally maintaining the fuel in the fuel chamber at a predetermined level, a throttle valve, a throttle lever for the valve, a piston arranged to be projected into the fuel chamber, and means for positively projecting the member into the chamber and for positively withdrawing it from the chamber, whereby the level of the liquid in the fuel chamber is temporarily raised or lowered as desired to control the richness of the fuel mixture supplied by the carbureter, said projecting meansincluding a rod pivotally connected to the piston and a connector pivotally connected to the throttle lever, said connector and said rod being rigid with each other.

9. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle leading thereto, a fuel reservoir for supplying fuel to the nozzle, means tending to maintain fuel at a predetermined level in the fuel chamber, said fuel chamber including a cylinder, a piston arranged to be projected into the cylinder, two perforated members spaced from each other and closing the upper end of the cylin-` der, a perforated disk interposed between the members, a piston rod pivoted to the piston, said rod passing through the openings in the members and the perforation in the disk, and means for imparting a combined swinging and reciprocating movement to the piston rod, in which movement the pistonrod slides through the perforated members and theperforated disk and the perforated members and disk together form a tight closure for the end of the cylinder.

10. vA carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle leading thereto, a fuel reservoir for supplying fuel to the nozzle,

means tending to maintain fuelat a predethrough the opening in the member and the perforation in the disk whereby the piston rod is allowed both sliding and swinging movement and a seal is maintained for the upper end of the cylinder.

11. A carbureter comprisingl a ymixing chamber, a fuel nozzle leading thereto, ay

fuel reservoir for supplying fuel to the nozzle, means tending to maintain fuel at a predetermined level in the fuel chamber, said fuel chamber including a cylinder, a piston arranged -to be projected into the cylinder, a perforated disk resting on the upper end of the cylinder, a second perforated disk resting on and slidable across the first mentioned perforated disk, a perforated cover inclosing both disks, a piston rod pivoted to the piston, said rod passing through the openings in the disks1 and the perforation in the cover whereby the piston rod is allowed both sliding and swinging movement and a seal is maintained for the upper end H\^.of the cylinder.

12. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle leading thereto, a fuel reservoir for supplying fuel to the noz- 35 zle, means tending to maintain fuel at a predetermined level in the fuel chamber, said fuel chamber including a cylinder, a-piston arranged to be projected into the cylinder, a perforated member constituting a closure 40 for the upper end of the cylinder, a perforated disk conforming to and slidable transversely across the perforatedmember, a piston rod pivoted to the piston, said rod passing through the opening in the Amember and the perforation in the disk whereby the piston rod4 is allowed both sliding and swinging movement and a seal is maintained for the upper end of the cylinder, and means for retaining the perforated member in position on the cylinder against force applied longitudinally thereof, said retaining means allowing the member to be readily removedafter being given a short angular movement about the cylinder.

13. A carbureter for hydro-carbon motors, comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel chamber, means for feeding fuel from said fuel chamber to said mixing chamber, said means comprising a float for normally maintaining the fuel in the fuel chamber at a predetermined level, and means in said chamber for materially varying the normal level of said fuel surrounding the float independently of the iioat and of the suction of the motor.

14. A carbureter for hydro-carbon motors, comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel chamber, means for feeding fuel from said fuel chamber to said mixing chamber, means for normally maintaining the -fuel in said fuel chamber at a predetermined level, and means in said chamber for temporarily materially raisingv the level of fuel throughout the greater part 'of the surface area thereof independently of thevv means which A normallyA maintains the fuel at a predetermined level, whereby an increased flow of fuel 'to the mixing chamber is temporarily secured.

15. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, means for discharging fuel into the mixing chamber, a ioat chamber, means for normally maintaining the fuel in the float chamber at a predetermined level, a throttle valve, means for manually controlling the throttle valve, a plunger constructed and arranged to be projected into said ioat chamber to materially raise the level of the fuel therein simultaneously with the opening movement of the throttle valve, whereby an enriching of the fuelmixture is secured for a considerable period thereafter.

16. A carbureter comprising a oat chamber having a cover with a cup shaped depression therein, a jet in communication with the oat chamber and opening into Vsaid depression, means for directing a thin current of air along the depression, a manually controlled throttle valve, a plunger projectible into the float chamber to materially raise the level of the fuel therein as the throttle .valve is opened, whereby the fuel is caused to overflow into said depression to form a richer mixture.

In testimony whereof I sign this specifi- 105 cation.

CHESTER F. JOHNSON. 

